Mountain Gorilla Trekking in Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda

Mountain Gorilla Trekking in Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda

If you’re planning a trip to Rwanda, don’t miss out on the incredible experience of Mountain Gorilla Trekking in Volcanoes National Park. This lush, mountainous park is home to one of the world’s most endangered species—the mountain gorillas—and offers one of the most unforgettable wildlife experiences you can have.

About Volcanoes National Park

Located in the northwest of Rwanda, Volcanoes National Park (Parc National des Volcans) covers 160 km² (62 sq miles) of rich, biodiverse land. The park is famous for its stunning volcanic mountains, including Karisimbi (4507m), Bisoke (3696m), Muhabura (4127m), Gahinga (3473m), and Sabinyo (3669m). These dormant volcanoes form part of the Virunga Mountains, a region that spans Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and is one of the last refuges for the endangered mountain gorillas. Volcanoes National Park was established in 1925, originally as part of the larger Albert National Park, making it one of the oldest protected areas on the African continent.

Trek Africa Expeditions offers a range of affordable tour packages for Mountain Gorilla Trekking in Volcanoes National Park. Check out our website for more details.

What Makes Volcanoes National Park Special?

The unique combination of altitude and volcanic soil in Volcanoes National Park creates a thriving environment for a range of plant species, including bamboo, lobelia, and other montane vegetation. The park’s high rainfall and nutrient-rich soil make it ideal for sustaining the mountain gorillas. The area’s diverse ecosystems are also home to other wildlife, though they are harder to spot. These include golden monkeys, elephants, buffalo, bushbuck, spotted hyenas, and a variety of bird species.

Meet the Mountain Gorillas

Mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) are the closest relatives of the lowland gorillas. As members of the Eastern Gorilla subspecies, they are known for their intelligence, social structures, and impressive size. Adult male mountain gorillas, known as silverbacks because of the silver fur on their backs, typically weigh between 397-485 pounds, while females average around 197-260 pounds. The thick, dark fur of these gorillas helps them regulate their body temperature in the cool, mountainous environment.

Mountain gorillas are incredibly social animals, living in groups or families led by a silverback. The silverback’s role is crucial—he ensures the safety of the group, makes decisions, and leads the family’s movements. Though dominant, silverbacks often face rivalries and challenges for leadership. Gorillas are diurnal, meaning they are active during the day and rest at night, often sleeping in nests made from vegetation.

Diet of Mountain Gorillas

Mountain gorillas are primarily herbivores, consuming a variety of plant-based foods like bamboo shoots, bananas, moss, ferns, and fruit. However, they supplement their vegetarian diet with insects like termites, bees, and even small animals like snails, rodents, and small monkeys. This varied diet supports their large, active bodies and allows them to thrive in their challenging environment.

Habitat of Mountain Gorillas

Mountain gorillas live in tropical forests at high altitudes, typically between 2000m-3600m above sea level. The climate in this region is cool with consistent rainfall, providing the ideal conditions for their food sources to grow year-round. The Virunga volcanic massif, which includes Volcanoes National Park, is one of the few places on Earth where these conditions exist. It is here, along with Virunga National Park (DRC) and Mgahinga Gorilla National Park (Uganda), that you’ll find the remaining population of mountain gorillas. Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in Uganda also supports a large portion of the world’s mountain gorilla population.

Threats to Mountain Gorillas

Mountain gorillas face numerous threats, most of which are caused by human activities. Habitat loss remains one of the biggest challenges to their survival. As human settlements expand, forests are cleared for agriculture, logging, and infrastructure development, such as roads, hotels, and housing. These activities encroach on the gorillas’ natural habitat, putting their survival at risk.

In addition to habitat destruction, human interactions also pose significant dangers. Poachers illegally hunt gorillas for their body parts, and some gorillas fall victim to traps set for other animals. Researchers, tourists, and park rangers, although generally well-intentioned, can unintentionally disrupt the gorillas’ natural behavior. Local communities, unless educated about the importance of gorilla conservation, may also hunt or poison gorillas that venture into their crop fields or livestock areas.

Mountain Gorilla Trekking Experience

A Mountain Gorilla Trek is an extraordinary adventure, where trekkers embark on a guided expedition to spot and observe wild gorillas in their natural habitat. With over 200 individual mountain gorillas in 10 groups in Rwanda, the park offers a thrilling opportunity for gorilla enthusiasts. Rangers and guides use a variety of clues to locate gorillas, such as:

• Known home range of the gorilla groups
• Last sighting of the gorillas
• Fresh tracks and droppings
• Audible calls from the gorillas
• Broken vegetation and food droppings
• The fruiting season and past sightings

Once located, trekkers are carefully led to the gorilla family, keeping a respectful distance while observing the gorillas’ daily activities.

Mountain Gorilla Trekking Regulations in Rwanda

When trekking in Rwanda, it’s important to follow the set guidelines to ensure both your safety and that of the gorillas:

1. Secure a permit: Book your gorilla trekking permit through a trusted travel agency ahead of time. The permit includes essential details like your name, age, trekking date, and health information.
2. Limited interaction: Only 8 visitors are allowed per group per day, with interactions limited to one hour or less, depending on conditions.
3. Arrival: Arrive at the briefing point at least one hour before your scheduled trek for important safety and environmental guidelines.
4. Group trekking: The ranger guide leads the trek, and it is important to stay together as a group.
5. Health declaration: If you have any health concerns, inform the ranger guide, so they can assign you to the appropriate group.
6. Carry essentials: Only bring necessary items, and consider hiring a porter to carry your pack if needed.
7. Respect distance: Maintain an 8-meter distance from the gorillas at all times.
8. Camera etiquette: Deactivate flash on cameras and GPS devices when near the gorillas.
9. Snacks and hydration: Pack light, energy-boosting snacks and drink around 2 liters of water.
10. Respect the gorillas: Do not mimic, gesture, or make unnecessary movements. If a gorilla approaches you, remain still and give them space.
11. Baby gorillas: Baby gorillas are playful and may approach you. Stay calm if they reach out or move toward you.
12. Keep quiet: Speak in low voices to avoid disturbing the gorillas.
13. Personal hygiene: Avoid spitting or urinating outside of designated areas. Notify your guide if you need to use the restroom.
14. Leave no trace: Clean up all food wrappers and litter, disposing of them in designated areas.

What to Wear for Gorilla Trekking in Rwanda

Dress appropriately for the trek with these recommended items:

• Body-fitting safari trousers (khaki, jeans, or tracksuits)
• Long-sleeved tops or shirts in neutral, eco-friendly colors
• Water-resistant hiking boots or rubber boots
• Strong stockings for protection
• Poncho or rain gear (weather can be unpredictable)
• Garden gloves for handling thick vegetation
• Hat, cap, or headscarf for sun protection
• Light warm clothing (for chilly mornings and evenings)

What to Pack for Gorilla Trekking in Rwanda

Here’s a checklist of essential items to pack:

• Backpack for carrying your gear
• Binoculars for a closer look at wildlife
• Camera (without flash)
• Insect repellent and sunscreen
• Lunch box with snacks
• Water bottle (2 liters)
• First aid kit for emergencies
• Field guide book on gorillas and other wildlife
• Waist bag for easy access to essentials
• Map of the park
• Change of clothes for after the trek
• Walking stick (available at the trekking assembly point)

Gorilla Trekking Seasons in Rwanda

• Peak Season: January, February, June, July, August, September, and December.
• Low Season: March, April, May, October, and November.

Whether you’re trekking during the peak or low season, mountain gorilla trekking in Rwanda offers a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to witness these majestic creatures in their natural environment. Plan your adventure today with Trek Africa Expeditions and support the ongoing conservation of these endangered animals!

Other Exciting Activities to Do in Rwanda

While Mountain Gorilla trekking in Volcanoes National Park is undoubtedly a highlight of any visit to Rwanda, there’s so much more to explore in this beautiful country. From wildlife safaris to cultural experiences, Rwanda offers a variety of activities that will make your trip unforgettable.

Wildlife Safari in Akagera National Park

Akagera National Park, located in the eastern part of Rwanda, offers an incredible opportunity to spot the Africa Big Five—rhinos, elephants, buffalos, lions, and leopards. The park is also home to giraffes, elands, waterbucks, hippos, and hundreds of bird species, making it a perfect destination for wildlife lovers.

Chimpanzee Tracking in Nyungwe National Park

If you’re interested in primates beyond gorillas, Nyungwe National Park in the south of Rwanda is the place to visit. Here, you can track and interact with families of habituated chimpanzees, along with a wealth of other wildlife, including various species of monkeys and birds. It’s an incredible experience for anyone looking to explore Rwanda’s rich biodiversity.

Golden Monkey Tracking

Rwanda is one of the few places in the world where you can spot the Golden Monkey, an endangered species endemic to the Virunga Massif. The only place to find these charming primates is in the bamboo forests of the Virunga Volcanoes, where you can hike and enjoy a truly unique wildlife experience.

Bird Watching in Rwanda

Rwanda is a birdwatcher’s paradise, with close to 200 bird species recorded in Volcanoes National Park alone. The park’s mix of forest and high-altitude habitats attracts a wide variety of birds, including visiting water species from nearby Lake Kivu. It’s one of the Important Bird Areas in Africa, making it a top destination for birding enthusiasts.

Hiking Adventures in Volcanoes National Park

The volcanic mountains of Volcanoes National Park offer breathtaking scenery and thrilling hiking opportunities. For adventurous trekkers, there are several exciting hiking routes:

• Mt. Karisimbi (4,507 meters) is the highest peak in the Virunga region and offers a challenging 2-day summit adventure.
• Mt. Bisoke (3,771 meters) is a more accessible hike, with a one-day round-trip that leads you to the stunning crater lake at the summit.

These hikes offer not just a challenge, but a chance to immerse yourself in the park’s wilderness and encounter its diverse wildlife.

Gorilla Guardians’ Village Tour

Rwanda’s communities play an essential role in the success of mountain gorilla conservation. A visit to the Gorilla Guardians’ Village offers a deep insight into how local Rwandan communities have coexisted with mountain gorillas and embraced wildlife protection. Through music, dance, and drama, the villagers share their experiences and the importance of preserving these majestic creatures.

Nature Walks in Volcanoes National Park

For those who prefer a more relaxed pace, nature walks in Volcanoes National Park offer a wonderful way to explore the park’s stunning landscapes and wildlife. Trails lead to the Musanze Caves, a 2-kilometer-long underground formation created by ancient volcanic activity. Another fascinating trail highlights the work of Dian Fossey, the famous primatologist who dedicated her life to studying and protecting mountain gorillas. The trail ends at her gravesite, where she was buried after her tragic murder.

Kwita Izina Ceremony (Gorilla Naming Ceremony)

Kwita Izina is Rwanda’s annual Gorilla Naming Ceremony, where newly born gorillas are given names. The event celebrates the conservation efforts that have helped increase the gorilla population. The ceremony features music, dance, and speeches, with local and international dignitaries in attendance. It’s a vibrant occasion that showcases Rwanda’s commitment to wildlife conservation.

Batwa Cultural Experience

The Batwa people, an indigenous group who once lived in the rainforests alongside the mountain gorillas, offer visitors a unique cultural experience. After relocating to make way for wildlife protection, the Batwa now share their traditional knowledge, crafts, and stories with tourists. A visit to a Batwa homestead gives you the chance to learn about their ancient way of life in the forests.

Boat Cruise on Lake Kivu

After your exciting gorilla trekking adventure, take a relaxing break with a boat cruise on Lake Kivu. Located just a short drive from Volcanoes National Park, Lake Kivu is a serene spot for unwinding. Enjoy sailing, picnicking on the shores, or simply relaxing by the water—perfect for recharging after a thrilling adventure.

Where to Stay in Rwanda for Gorilla Trekking

Rwanda offers a wide range of accommodation options around Volcanoes National Park, from luxury lodges to more affordable choices. Some popular options include:

• Bisate Lodge (luxury safari camp)
• Virunga Lodge
• Sabyinyo Silverback Lodge
• Mountain Gorilla View Lodge
• Gorilla Volcanoes Lodge
• Le Palme Hotel
• Le Bambou Gorilla Lodge
• Muhabura Hotel
• Kinigi Guest House

For more urban options, Musanze town is just a 20-minute drive from Kinigi, while Kisoro in Uganda is a 30-minute drive north.

How to Get to Volcanoes National Park

Reaching Volcanoes National Park is easy from Kigali International Airport. It’s a smooth, scenic drive of approximately 120 km (around 2.5 hours) to Kinigi, the gateway to the park. Private travel is highly recommended for convenience and comfort. Alternatively, public transport to Musanze town or the Kyanika border with Uganda is available. For those on a larger budget, charter flights to Kinigi town can be arranged.

Why Book Your Gorilla Trekking Tour with Trek Africa Expeditions?

At Trek Africa Expeditions, we specialize in offering authentic, value-for-money gorilla trekking experiences across Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Mgahinga National Park, and Volcanoes National Park. Our team is dedicated to providing the best information and support, ensuring that your trek is both memorable and meaningful. For more details and to book your trek, feel free to visit our TripAdvisor page for more information and customer reviews!